Building structure.



W. SCHWEIKERT.

BUILDING STRUCTURE.

APPLIUATION FILED JUNI'. s, 1908.

1,058,231. Patented Feb. 18,1913.

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F a 1 7 l 7 V la 2 www V e 7 I Inventor:

W. SCHWEIKERT. BUILDING STRUGTURE.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 190s.

1,053,231 Patented Feb. 18,1913.

, 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Fvg@ 7 4 f l 3 3 l5 v l5 I 17 Z1 UWH!! 22 23 Z3 M 20l l Inventor:

by Enga; M1 w 'o all lwhom it may concern WILLIAM scIIwnIKERT, or BROOKLYN', Nnw YORK."

BUILDING sTnucTUnE.'

Specification of Lettersvlatent. Patented Feb, 18, 191 3.

Application led JuneIS, 1908. Serial No. 437,233;

Be it known that I, WILLIAM SCHWEI- KE'RT, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Brooklyn, Kings county, New York, have invented certain Improvements in Building Structures, of which the following is a specication.

This invent-ion relates to certaln improvements in building structures, and more particularly in that class of such structures-the walls of which are homogeneously formed from cement, concrete, or other similar plastic materials, and the object of theA invention is to provide a structure of this. general character of a simple and comparatively inexpensive nature which shall be strong and durable and which is capable of being erected without the employment of expensive scaifolding or framing such as is usually re- I quired for structures having such homogeneous molded walls, whereby an 1m-l portant economy both in time and eost of construction is attained.

The invention consists in certain novel features of the construction, and combinations and arrangements of the several parts of the improved building structure, whereby certain important advantages are attained and the structure is rendered simpler, less expensive, stronger and otherwise better adapted and more convenientfor use, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

The novel features of the invention will be carefully. defined in the claims.

vIn the accompanying drawings which serve to illustrate my invention, Figure 1 is a sectional view taken horizontally through a fragment of the wall of the improved building structure at a corner or angle of the same. Fi* 2 is a sectional ele-l vation showing a fragment of the wall of a building constructed according to my invention; Fig. 3 is a perspective view'showin detached, one of the reinforces embe ded in the slabs or sections of the improved building st-ructure; Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but showing a Vmodified formation of the reinforce comprised in my present invention; Fig. 5 is a detail view illustrating one lof the bonds for connecting the slabs `or sections rvof the improved structure; Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the application of molded slabs or sections constructed according to my invention to produce the wall of a structure with an air packing; Fig. 7 is a. fragmentary sectional elevation showing the construction of a wall or partition from such molded slabs -or sectlons; Fig. 8 is ai sectional view taken horizontally through t-he wall, constructed as shown in Fig. 7, and Fig. 9 is a sectional detail'view showing a column beam or ue incased according to my invention.

Referring` first to Figs. land 2, 1, 1 and 2, 2, represent, respectively, two ,series of thin slabs or sections, which are-molded from cement, concrete, or other suitable plastic materials, in sizes and :contours such as are desirable to adapt the slabs or sections 'of the respective series for use as facings for ythe exterior and interior surfaces of the walls ofthe improved structure. For this purpose, the external surfaces of said slabs or sections maybe ornamental or molded in any appropriate design. The slabs or sections 1, 1 and 2, 2, of the respective series are adapted to be 4rested in courses in well known way; one upon another and edge to edge to form such facings for the walls of the structure, andto facilitate their Setting, each such slab or section will, by preference, 'have flanges 4, 4, extended along one the contacting edges ofthe adjacent slabs or sections.

In setting the slabs 1, 1, and 2, 2, to form I the facings for t-he outer and inner surfaces of the wall of the improved structure, the said slabs or sect-ions are arranged in horizontal courses in a well known way, andl the joints between the slabs or sections of each course are midway between those of the superposed course so as to be overlapped thereby. At the corners of the structure, and in such other situations as may be desirable, are arranged half sections or slabs 1a, and 2a, of lesser size than the slabs or sections 1, 1, and 2, 2, and designed to permit t-he setting of the facings as above described.

As hereinshown each slab or section 1, 1, and2, 2, is providedwith a plurality of apertures, `-and in sett-ing up the slabs or sections tol form the wall facings, rods or strips 6, of metal .or the like are inserted in correspondingly positioned apertures,v in adjacent, oppositely arranged slabs or sections 1 and 2 of the respective series and are so arrangedas to hold said inner and outer series in erect osition and suitably spaced apart to form t e said outer and inner wall facings.

As hereinshown the slabs or sections 1, 1, and 2, 2, of the respective outer and inner series are provided with metallic reinforces or bushings 7, 7, and `10, 10, embedded in them atthe apertures whereat the ends lof the rods or strips 6 are inserted, thereinbe adjust-ably engaged.,` The apertures of,

said 'outer slabs or sections 1, 1, areproduced only at the rear or inner surfaces of the slabs or sections and are not open atthefront or outer surfaces of the slabs 0r sections and consequently the said outer surfaces of the slabs are not broken as would be the case were the apertures extended entirely thro-ugh the slabs.

The reinforces orbushings 10, 10, of the inner slabs or sections 2 have tubular parts through which the inner ends of the rods or strips 6 arepassed, and said tubular parts have their outer ends flush with the outer surface of said slabs or sections 2, for contact with nuts 14 adjustably held on rods or' strips 6 while the inner extremities of thereinforces 10 have divergent wings or projections 12 embedded, in the material from which the slabs are produced at suliilcient distances beyond the inner surfaces of -the slabs to insure that said projectionsy shall be hidden lfrom view, and to prevent the molded material from cracking and scaling oli' at the inner-surfaces of the slabs around the apertures through which the; rods or strips 6 are passed. The inner ends of the tubular parts of the reinforces are preferably setat such distances from the inner surfaces of the slabs 2 as to permit the nuts 15 at the inner ends of the rods 6 to be countersunk in the apertures at the inner surfaces of the slabs, after which the inner ends of said apertures may be filled in or pointed up with plaster or cement so as to cover the nuts 15 flush with the inner surfaces of the slabs. When desired, the said nuts 14 and 15 at the inner ends of the rods or strips 6 may 4be omitted and said ends of the rods or strips may have screw engagement in the tubular parts 'of the `bushings or reinforces 10 of the inner slabs 2.

In the practical use of my improvement, the slabs or sections may be manufactured by machine, and transported to the location at which the structure is to be erected, the thin slabs or sect-ions being comparatively light and inexpensive and being capable of being packed closely together so as to occupy much less space than is necessary for building blocks such as y are ordinarily formed from concrete or cement. This is not, however, essential to my invention since where desired, the slabs or sections may be molded by machines located on the premises where the construction is under way.

In erecting the structure, as shown in Fig. 2, the slabs or sections are set upon each other in the two series shown, being held in -relation'spaced apart at suitable distances by means of the engaging flanges 4 and grooves' 5 andI of the rods or strips 6, the threaded connections of which with the embedded bushings or reinforces, permit such adjustment of the slabs toward and from each other as is needful for plumbing or truing the'outer and inner surfaces of the walls. In this way the facings for the outer and inner surfaces of the wall of the structure are produced, after which the intervening space or'chamber separating the outer and inner series of slabs'is filled in with a suitable cement, concrete or other plastic composition as indicated at 16 upon Ithe drawings, "said filling serving when hardened to bind the outer and inner facings together and produce ay substantially homogeneous wall. 4

The building structure embodying my improvements 1s of an extremely strong and durable nature, owing to the homogeneous character of its walls, and may also be given a much more ornate appearance than is possible in other similar structures, since the slabs or sections may have their outer surfaces treated or ornamented in any desired design in course of manufacture. Further- 'more the nature of the structure permits of dispensing altogether with the use of the expensive scaffolding and framing heretofore necessary for the erection of cement or concrete structures with homogeneous walls, and thereby permits an important economy both in time and' expenses required for construct-ion.

Where it is desired to finish the inner surfaces of the walls, the construction shown in Fig. 6 may be employed.` In this construction the strips or rods 6, 6, are made longer so that their inner ends are caused to protrude from the inner surfaces of the inner slabs or sections 2, 2, and sleeves or like spacing devices are applied as shown at 18 upon said protruding ends of t-he rods or strips, after which auxiliary inner slabs or sections 3, similar to the slabs or sections 2 are applied upon the extremities of said rods plaster coat unnecessary. lThis same method 4 of manufacture may be employed for the slabs 2 where the air pensed with.

The reinforces or bushings 7 and 10 serve not merely to strengthen the slabs or sections, but also operateto prevent crumbling or cracking thereof at the points of attachi ment of the rods or strips, 6, 6, and where the apertures are extended entirely through the slabs or sections, as in thjecase of the slabs or sections 2 and 3such slabs or sections may be applied in a variety of ways in building construction.

In Figs. 7 and 8 I have shown a modified construction wherein the slabs'or sections are not apertured, butare provided with metallic attaching devices which are inthe nature of reinforcements embedded in them `with portions projecting at the surfaces ofV such slabs or sections and affording clips, for the attachment -thereof to the framing or studding of a structure to afford molded facings for the walls and partitions thereof. In these views the slabs or sections are represented at 20, 20, and the framing or studding whereon they are secured is represented at 21, 2l. 22 represents the metal reinforcements or clips which serve for the attachment of the slabs orsections to the framing or studding of the structure, and said reinforcements or clips -have divergent wings embedded in the -moldedA material from which the slabs or sectionslare formed and are provided with a ertured end portions projecting from the e ges of the slabs or sections and so bent as to extendl in the planes of the rear or inner surfaces of the slabs or sections so as `to be adapted to beV lapped flush upon the framin orstudding 2@ and to be secured thereto y meansl of nails or.-

the likeV as shown at 23. As. shown in these views the slabs or sections are also provided with tongue and groove joints at their meeting edges, and the arrangement is such that the projecting port-ions of the cli-ps or reinforcements 22 of one slabv or section are covered over and concealed by the overlappin ledge portions of theadjacent slabs or sectlons, so that the exposed surface of the wall is in no way marred vby such attaching means. Where desired, columns, beams yor packing is to be dis-- ues may also be incased according to my invention, as shown in the detail view, Fig. i

9, wherein 24 represents a beam or column,

and 25, 25 re resent slabs or sections molded from plastlc material and applied outside said column or beam, vbein spaced away from 4the same so that a illmg of concrete or cement is adapted to be packed between the beam or column and the facing afforded b said slabs or sections. Rods or strips 27,

2 are passed through the slabs or-sectionsand across the intervening space to hold the slabs or sections in relation.

'From the above description of my improvements, it will be seen that the building structure embodying my invention is of an extremely simple and comparatively inexpensive nature, and is particularly well adapted for use by reason of its strength and durability and of the economy in time and ,expense of erect-ion afforded by it, and it will also be obvious from the above description that the structure is capable of some` modification without material departure from the principles'and spirit of the invention, and for this reason I do not desire to be understood as limiting myself to the precise form and arrangement of the several parts herein set forth in carrying out my 95 Having thus described my invention,

invention in practice.

what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl. In concrete building construction oppositely disposed separated facing vslabs adapted to form a receptacle for plastic` cementitious concrete and having permanent-1y embedded anchor retainers therein and. rigid anchors bridging the space between and rigidly connecting the' slabs said anchors being adjustable longitudinally- .whereby the space between the slabs may be varied and the slabs held against relative movement in any directions.

2. A building structure comprising spaced facings adapted to form a receptacle for yplastic material, rigid parts extended across thel space between the vfacings, vanchoring means carried by the facings with which the rigid parts are engaged, said rigid parts being capable of endwise adjustable movement. 3. A building structure comprisingl spaced facings, tubular anchoring ymembers embedded within the facings, and rigid'parts extended across the space between the facings and in endwise adjustable engagement with the tubular anchoring members whereby the' space between the facings may be varied'.

4. A building structure comprising spaced facings adapted to forma receptacle for plastic material, tubular anchoring members embedded within the facings, divergent arms carried by the tubular anchoring mem'- bers to hold the same against'dsplacement and rigid parts extended across the space between the facing'sand in endwise adjustable engagement with the tubular anchoring members whereby the space between the facings may be Varied.

. 5. Abuilding structure comprising spaced facings adapted to form a receptacle for plastic'material, tubular anchoring members permanently embedded within the facings, rigid parts extended across the space betweenthe facings and in threaded engagel WILLIAM SCHWEIKERT. Witnesses:

J. D. CAPLINGER,

F. W. WIMAN. 

